ʻO ke kumu a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka polishing
No ke aha mākou e pono ai e hana i ka hana ʻili ma nā ʻāpana mechanical?
E ʻokoʻa ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻili no nā kumu like ʻole.
1 ʻEkolu kumu o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana mechanical:
1.1 Kaʻina hana ʻili no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻāpana pololei
No nā ʻāpana me nā koi hoʻohālikelike, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā koi no ka pololei (me ka pololei o ka dimensional, ka pololei o ke ʻano a me ka pololei o ke kūlana) ma ke ʻano he kiʻekiʻe, a pili ka pololei a me ka ʻili o ka ʻili. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pololei, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka roughness kūpono. No ka laʻana: pono pono ʻo IT6 i ka ʻawaʻawa like Ra0.8.
[Mekinika maʻamau]:
- Ka huli ʻana a wili paha
- Maikaʻi ʻoluʻolu
- wili maikai
- wili
1.2 Nā ʻano hana ʻili no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai mechanical surface
1.2.1 Loaʻa i ka pale lole
[Mea maʻamau]
- ʻO ka wili ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka carburizing/quenching (nitriding)
- ʻO ka wili ʻana a me ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka chrome paʻakikī
1.2.2 Loaʻa i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi maikaʻi
[Mea maʻamau]
- Modulation a me ka wili
- ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela a me ka wili ʻana
- ʻO ka ʻōwili ʻana a i ʻole ka pana ʻana i ka pana a ukali ʻia e ka wili maikaʻi
1.3 Kaʻina hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai kemika ma luna
[Mea maʻamau]
- Electroplating a me ka poli
2 ʻenehana hoʻoliʻiliʻi ili metala
2.1 Koʻikoʻi He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o ke kahua o ka ʻenehana ʻili a me ka ʻenekinia, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaʻina hana ʻenehana, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻoihana electroplating, ka uhi ʻana, anodizing a me nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau like ʻole.
2.2 No ke aha i koʻikoʻi ai nā ʻāpana ʻili mua a me nā ʻāpana hopena o ka mea hana?No ka mea, ʻo lākou nā wahi hoʻomaka a me ka pahuhopu o ka hana polishing, ka mea e hoʻoholo ai pehea e koho ai i ke ʻano o ka mīkini polishing, a me ka helu o nā poʻo wili, ʻano waiwai, kumukūʻai, a me ka pono e pono ai no ka mīkini polishing.
2.3 Nā ʻanuʻu wili a me ka hoʻomaloʻo a me nā alahele
ʻO nā pae maʻamau ʻehā owili anaapolishing ] : e like me ka 'oloka mua a me ka hope loa Ra waiwai o ka mea hana, wili ko'iko'i - wili maikai - wili maikai - poli. ʻO nā abrasives mai ke koʻikoʻi a hiki i ka maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka mea wili a me ka mea hana i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻololi ʻia.
2.3.1 ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mea wili, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka micro-cutting a me ka hopena extrusion, a ʻo ka nui a me ka roughness loaʻa nā loli.
2.3.2 He ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka mīkini ma mua o ka wili ʻana. Hana ʻia ka mea hana polishing i nā mea palupalu, hiki ke hōʻemi wale i ka ʻōpala akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pololei o ka nui a me ke ʻano. Hiki i ka roughness ke emi ma lalo o 0.4μm.
2.4 ʻEkolu mau manaʻo liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili: wili, polishing, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana
2.4.1 Manaʻo o ka mīkini wili a me ka polishing
ʻOiai ʻo ka wili mīkini a me ka polishing mechanical hiki ke hōʻemi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa:
- 【Mechanical polishing】: Loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻomanawanui dimensional, ka hoʻomanawanui ʻano a me ke kūpaʻa kūlana. Pono ia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomanawanui dimensional, ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ke ʻano a me ke kūpaʻa kūlana o ka ʻili honua i ka wā e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻawaʻawa.
- Mechanical polishing: He ʻokoʻa ia mai ka polishing. Hoʻomaikaʻi wale ia i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia ka hoʻomanawanui. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka mālamalama ma mua o ka poli. ʻO ke ala maʻamau o ka polishing mechanical ka wili.
2.4.2 [Hoʻopau i ka hana] he hana wili a polishing (i hoʻopau ʻia e like me ka wili a me ka polishing) i hana ʻia ma ka mea hana ma hope o ka mīkini maikaʻi, me ka wehe ʻole ʻana a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana lahilahi loa o nā mea, me ke kumu nui o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻili o ka ʻili. e hoʻonui ana i ka nani o ka ʻili a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kona ʻili.
'O ka pololei a me ka 'o'ole'a o ka 'āpana 'ili he mana nui i kona ola a me kona 'ano. ʻO ka papa deteriorated i waiho ʻia e EDM a me nā micro crack i waiho ʻia e ka wili ʻana e hoʻopili i ke ola lawelawe o nā ʻāpana.
① ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻopau he haʻawina mīkini liʻiliʻi a hoʻohana nui ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili. Hoʻohana ʻia ka liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pololei o ka mīkini (e like me ka pololei o ka dimensional a me ka pololei o ke ʻano), akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pololei o ke kūlana.
② ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana ʻo ke kaʻina o ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻili o ka mea hana me nā abrasives maikaʻi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa like ʻia ka ʻili, liʻiliʻi ka ikaika ʻoki a me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wela, a hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻano kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ③ He kaʻina hana micro-processing ka hoʻopau ʻana a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema o ka ʻili. Pono e hana maikaʻi ʻia ma mua o ka hana ʻana.
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka metala ʻo ia ka hana micro-removal koho.
3. ʻO nā ʻano kaʻina hana polishing i kēia manawa: 3.1 mechanical polishing, 3.2 chemical polishing, 3.3 electrolytic polishing, 3.4 ultrasonic polishing, 3.5 wai polishing, 3.6 magnetic grinding polishing,
3.1 Mechanical polishing
ʻO ka polishing mechanical kahi hana polishing e hilinaʻi ana i ka ʻokiʻoki a me ka deformation plastic o ka ʻili waiwai e wehe i nā protrusions i poni ʻia e kiʻi i kahi ʻili maʻemaʻe.
Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻenehana, hiki i ka polishing mechanical ke hoʻokō i ka ʻili o Ra0.008μm, ʻo ia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā ʻano polishing like ʻole. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana i nā molds lens optical.
3.2 Ka poni kemika
ʻO ka polishing kemika ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana convex microscopic o ka ʻili mea e hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻia i loko o ka ʻenehana kemika ma luna o nā ʻāpana concave, i mea e loaʻa ai kahi ʻili laulima. ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia ʻano hana, ʻaʻole ia e koi i nā mea hana paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻoliʻi i nā mea hana me nā ʻano paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻoliʻi i nā mea hana he nui i ka manawa like, a maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka polishing kemikal ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka wai polishing. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili i loaʻa ma ka poli kemika he mau ʻumi o μm.
3.3 Electrolytic polishing
ʻO ka polishing electrolytic, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he electrochemical polishing, hoʻoheheʻe koho i nā protrusions liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili o ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻili.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka polishing chemical, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hopena o ka hopena cathode a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana polishing electrochemical i ʻelua mau ʻanuʻu:
(1) Macro-leveling: ʻO nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka electrolyte, a ke emi nei ke ʻano o ka roughness geometric o ka ʻili, Ra 1μm.
(2) Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nani: Anodic polarization: Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ʻōlinolino o ka ʻili, Ralμm.
3.4 Ultrasonic polishing
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hana i kahi hoʻokuʻu abrasive a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi kahua kani ultrasonic. ʻO ka abrasive ka lepo a poni ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana e ka oscillation o ka hawewe kani ultrasonic. ʻO ka mīkini kani kani he liʻiliʻi macroscopic ikaika a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea hana, akā paʻakikī ka mea hana e hana a hoʻokomo.
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka mīkini kani kani me nā ʻano kemika a i ʻole electrochemical. Ma ke kumu o ka corrosion solution a me ka electrolysis, hoʻohana ʻia ka vibration ultrasonic e hoʻoulu i ka hopena e hoʻokaʻawale i nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana a hana i ka corrosion a i ʻole electrolyte kokoke i ka ʻaʻahu ʻili; ʻO ka hopena cavitation o nā hawewe kani ultrasonic i loko o ka wai hiki ke pale i ke kaʻina hana corrosion a maʻalahi i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ka ʻili.
3.5 Hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai
Ke hilinaʻi nei ka wai polishing i ka wai kahe nui a me nā ʻāpana abrasive i lawe ʻia e palaki i ka ʻili mea hana e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka polishing.
ʻO nā ʻano hana maʻamau ka: abrasive jet processing, liquid jet processing, fluid dynamic grinding, etc.
3.6 ʻO ka wili ʻana a me ka poli ʻana
Hoʻohana ka wili mākēneki a me ka polishing i nā abrasive magnetic e hana ai i nā pulupulu abrasive ma lalo o ka hana a kahi māla magnetic e wili ai i ka mea hana.
Loaʻa i kēia ʻano hana ka hana kiʻekiʻe, maikaʻi maikaʻi, ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana hana, a me nā kūlana hana maikaʻi. Me nā abrasives kūpono, hiki i ka roughness ili ke hiki i Ra0.1μm.
Ma o kēia ʻatikala, manaʻo wau e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka polishing. ʻO nā ʻano mīkini polishing like ʻole e hoʻoholo i ka hopena, kūpono, kumukūʻai a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pahuhopu polishing workpiece.
He aha ke ʻano o ka mīkini polishing e pono ai kāu ʻoihana a i ʻole nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me ka mea hana ponoʻī, akā ma muli o ke koi mākeke o ka mea hoʻohana, kūlana kālā, hoʻomohala ʻoihana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kahi ala maʻalahi a maikaʻi e hana ai i kēia. E ʻoluʻolu e nīnau i kā mākou limahana kūʻai mua e kōkua iā ʻoe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-17-2024